The Cultural Programme of 2020 \u2013\u00a0Neighbourhood Festivals<\/p>\n
During 2020, when Rijeka, as the urban centre of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, holds the title of European Capital of Culture, Neighbourhood Festivals will be held in 27 neighbourhoods. These include various cultural and artistic programmes through which these neighbourhood communities will express various aspects of their daily lives, but also touch upon issues that are integral to their urban and rural environments, forests, islands, coasts, cities and villages<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Bell-Ringer’s Symphony,<\/em><\/strong> \u010cavle Neighbourhood<\/strong><\/p>\n In the \u010cavle Neighbourhood, one of the 27 neighbourhoods of the European Capital of Culture, the first in a series of Neighbourhood Festivals will take place on 9 February<\/strong> – the Bell-Ringer’s Festival.<\/em> In addition, the Grobnik bell-ringers and their European guests, various bell-ringing groups from all over the continent, will gather and socialize over the three days of the festival and its various programmes. In addition to the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony, the event includes the Bell-Ringer’s Parade and the masquerade tradition on Platak.<\/p>\n Pre-programme of the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/strong><\/p>\n Exhibition of Traditional Masks of Europe<\/strong> (3-9 February 2020)<\/p>\n As part of the pre-programme of the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em> of the \u010cavle Neighbourhood, the Traditional Masks of Europe Exhibition, created by Nikola Kolja and Marina Vran\u010di\u0107, can be viewed at the Cultural Centre in \u010cavle until 9 February. Their collection is constantly growing and so far counts about 80 unique handmade figurines, representing about sixty groups from Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Greece, Croatia, Ireland, Italy, Hungary, Macedonia, Germany, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine. Also, on Friday, 7 February, at 7:00 pm,<\/strong> the \u010cavle Cultural Centre will host a Ceremonial Assembly on the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the Grobnik bell-ringers. The Assembly is not open to the public.<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n “European Artists in Grobnik” Exhibition<\/strong> (7 February)<\/p>\n The opening of the exhibition entitled “European Artists in Grobnik” will be held at the Grobnik Gallery of Contemporary Art on February 7 at 5:00 pm. The exhibition includes works by about 50 artists from Austria, France, Italy, Hungary, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, Spain and Switzerland, as well as BiH, Macedonia and Croatia who have stayed in Grobnik:<\/p>\n – Balind, Istvan, Hungary The artworks are from the Grobnik Permanent Collection of Contemporary Art. The exhibition can be viewed until March 31st, every day from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. <\/p>\n Platak Masquerade <\/strong>(8 February 2020)<\/p>\n On<\/strong> Saturday, 8 February 2020, from 11:00 am<\/strong>, the traditional Platak Masquerade<\/strong><\/em> will be held. The groups will gather between 11:00 am and 12:00 pm in front of the Mali dom lodge in Platak, after which a parade towards the Veliki dom lodge starts at noon sharp.<\/strong> Once the procession is over, participants will enjoy activity games<\/strong>, such as a sausage-eating competition or a beer-drinking competition. After the activity games are concluded and medals are awarded to the winners, entertainment will be provided by the Frula Band at 6:00 pm.<\/strong><\/p>\n After that, the fun is moving to the \u010cavle Cultural Centre, where, at 9:00 pm, <\/strong>the Masquerade Dance<\/strong> will begin <\/em>to music by the Groovers Band.<\/em> Entrance is free.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Grobnik International Masked Rally<\/strong> (8 February 2020)<\/p>\n For all enthusiasts of masked high-octane entertainment, the \u010cajvanske Ma\u0161kare Association and the Grobnik Car and Motorcycle Racetrack are organizing, on Saturday, 8 February 2020,<\/strong> the Grobnik International Masked Rally,<\/strong> starting at 12:00 pm at the address \u010cavja 31 (\u010cavle Municipality).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em><\/strong> and the opening of the Neighbourhood Festival <\/strong>(9 February 2020)<\/p>\n The roots of the bell-ringers date back to prehistoric times and are linked to livestock areas; their strongest stronghold in Croatia is in the Croatian Littoral, in villages in the hinterlands of Rijeka, Opatija and Kastav. Men dressed in sheepskin with stylized animal masks on their heads and livestock bells around their waists originally participated in the magical rites to drive away the evil spirits of winter and invoke the new spring cycle, which grew into a carnival custom that is cherished to this day. Although their basic characteristics are the same, each village has developed its own specific variety of bell equipment and traditions, and these are important details that at the same time make a difference and connect, and each community takes pride in them.<\/p>\n The central event of the \u010cavle Neighbourhood Festival will be the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em>, which is also the opening of the 2020 Neighbourhood Festival. The Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em> will be held on 9 February 2020 in \u010cavle. <\/strong><\/p>\n Led by the Karlovac drummers, a loud parade of 500 European and Croatian bell-ringers will start at 12:00 pm in front of the \u010cavle Elementary School (\u010cavja 47, \u010cavle), and will be accompanied by numerous spectators, as well as presenters on three stages. Upon arrival at their goal, the bell-ringers will perform the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony <\/em>under the baton of conductor Zoran Majstorovi\u0107.<\/strong> The Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em> will be performed jointly by the bell-ringers, Karlovac drummers and under the direction of Zoran Majstorovi\u0107, and represents a unique blend of music, rhythm and the bells of the Grobnik bell-ringers.<\/strong> This is a unique and bold event, just as unique and bold as their jazz improvisations that, over and over, in the wildest possible combinations, create new musical worlds. It is an audio-visual experience that takes music into the dimension of a sacral ritual, where the bell fuses with the human being, becoming a part of the body, an extremity that simultaneously encumbers and liberates. We should add that on the eve of the procession, the European Capital of Culture Neighbourhood Festival will be inaugurated on the main stage, presenting a diverse cultural and artistic program in each of the 27 neighbourhoods throughout 2020.<\/strong><\/p>\n Programme Schedule on Sunday, February 9, 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n 10:45 am<\/u> – Arrival of the Groups in Front of the \u010cavle Elementary School <\/strong>(\u010cavja 47, \u010cavle)<\/p>\n 11:00 am<\/u> – Reception of Group Leaders at the \u010cavle Cultural Centre<\/strong><\/p>\n 12:00 pm<\/u> – Ceremonial Opening of the Neighbourhood Festival <\/strong>(main stage – Hrvatski Branitelji Square, \u010cavle)<\/p>\n 12.00 pm<\/u> – Ceremonial Presentation of the bell-ringers – Bell-Ringers’ Parade<\/strong> (\u010cavle Elementary School parking lot \u2013 \u010cavja Street – Hrvatski Branitelji Square)<\/p>\n 4:00 <\/u>pm – Bell-Ringer’s Symphony \u2013 Finale <\/strong>(Hrvatski Branitelji Square, \u010cavle)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Free transportation from Rijeka to \u010cavle and back<\/strong><\/p>\n On the day of the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony, 9 <\/em>February 2020, RIJEKA 2020 is organising free transportation <\/strong>from Rijeka to \u010cavle, with one bus providing two tours. The bus departs from the Jela\u010di\u0107 Square in Rijeka at 10:20 and 11:20 am, and the return from the \u010cavle Cultural Centre to Rijeka is at 17:15 and 18:15 am.<\/p>\n The number of available seats is limited and anyone interested can book their seat by Friday, 7 February 2020, 4:00 pm, <\/strong>by sending an e-mail to: dunja.matic-bencic@rijeka2020.eu<\/a><\/p>\n Notification of Changes in Traffic Regulation and Parking<\/strong><\/p>\n On Sunday, 9 February 2020, the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony will be held on sections of the roads D3 and \u017d5055, so these sections of the roads will be closed to traffic between 11:00 am and 4:00 pm<\/strong>, and traffic will be diverted to alternative routes. \u00a0(Enclosed: Temporary Traffic Regulation Map)<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Participants in the Bell-Ringer’s Symphony<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n KLAUSEN und B\u00e4rbele Verein (Immenstadt im Allg\u00e4u, GERMANY) \u2013 25 participants\u2013 European neighbours of the \u010cavle Neighbourhood<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n The “Klausentreiben” custom is about 1,000 years old and dates back to ancient Celtic customs. BUS\u00d3J\u00c1R\u00c1S (Moha\u010d, HUNGARY) \u2013 50 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The Walk of the Bus\u00f3s (Bus\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00e1s in Hungarian) is an annual carnival festival in the Town of Moh\u00e1cs (Hungarian Baranya) commemorating the end of winter. It is named after the frightening men, the bus\u00f3s, who wear large wooden masks and woollen cloaks. The \u0160okci Croats brought the carnival custom here from the Croatian territories from which they immigrated at the beginning of the 17th century, and it was first mentioned by church sources in 1783.<\/p>\n The original masks were made using materials available to peasants, willow wood and cow blood. Today, the Walk of the Bus\u00f3s is a recognizable symbol of the city and a way of commemorating major historical events. The arts and crafts that accompany the custom have been preserved by numerous groups of Bus\u00f3s of diverse cultural backgrounds, who have imparted mask carving and ritual celebration techniques to generations of followers. This is why the Bus\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00e1s was included in UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009.<\/p>\n SURVAKARI (Pernik, BULGARIA) \u2013 50 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The group of the masked Survakari represents a custom of chasing away evil spirits, diseases and the winter on the first day of the new year – 1 January or 14 January according to the old calendar. In the villages of the Pernisi region of Bulgaria, the Survakari perform on 14 January, when the Old New Year is celebrated. At this time, in almost every village in the region, a group of masked men and young men gather, and visit every house, chasing away evil spirits, diseases, the winter and bless everyone to be healthy. They perform various magical rituals, which have lost their symbolism today but are still played out because they represent tradition. GROBNIK BELL-RINGERS (Grobnik) \u2013 80 participants \u2013 <\/strong>hosts<\/strong> <\/u><\/p>\n Unlike the other bell-ringers who represent the folklore of their home regions, the Grobnik bell-ringers (Dondola\u0161i) were peasants who were paid for their “work”. Later, young men, dressing in sheepskin and frightening masks on their heads, would tour the villages of Grobni\u0161\u0107ina. Years passed, the traditions fell into oblivion, the bell-ringers disappeared, until the only one commemorating them was Ranko \u010cabrijan and the late Di\u017ea, who brought the memories to life by ringing bells. According to interviews with the elderly locals from the Grobin\u0161\u0107ina area, a preliminary sketch for the mask and clothing of the bell-ringers was made, leather and bells were purchased, masks were made, and the tradition was brought back to life. \u00a0Today, this Association includes about one hundred members, including fifteen children between the ages of two and twelve.<\/p>\n GRI\u017dANE KRABUNOSI (Gri\u017eane, Croatia) – 20 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The Gri\u017eane Krabunosi come from Gri\u017eane, a small town in the heart of the Vinodol Valley, known for good people, good wine and the best festivities in the area. Their group consists of 25 members and is called “Zbrda zdola i ozgora\u201d (\u201chelter-skelter and down we go\u201d). They try to preserve the ways of masking that they learned from their ancestors and to pass it on to the younger generations, under the motto “\u010ca gr\u0111i to lip\u0161i” (\u201cthe uglier, the better\u201d). THE DIDI FROM KAME\u0160NICA (Gljev and Kame\u0161nica, Croatia) \u2013 50 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The annual carnival processions in the villages beneath the Kame\u0161nica, from the towns of Sinj and Trilj and the Municipality of Otok, have a long tradition and its participants are the best guardians of carnival customs in their area. With the invasion of noisy, colourful, defiant rams, known as the Didi, they begin the day of the carnival procession in Gljev, a village in the Dalmatian hinterlands, not far from the border with Bosnia. This long tradition of carnival customs, related the preservation of local identity, is nurtured and promoted by the Association Didi s Kame\u0161nice (Didi from Kame\u0161nica) in Gljev. KUKULJANOVO BELL-RINGERS (Kukuljanovo, Hrvatska) – 30 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The association was officially established in 2007, although bell-ringers existed in this area before. There were 4-5 of them and they would ring their bells all over Kukuljanovo and the surrounding villages, together with disguised carnival participants.\u00a0 The most well-known bell-ringer was Andrej Kopajti\u0107 “Ti\u010dan”, whose family would bury the bell before the carnival, but he would always find it or make a new one. He would dress up as a bell-ringer and go to Hartera (the Rijeka Paper Factory) to work, where he would ring the bell until his boss gave him vacation days for two or three weeks. He would often spend the night in the Via Roma (the Rijeka Prison). Along with him, other bell-ringers included Pindek, Kre\u0161o and Augustin Peri\u0107, who taught others how to make their ‘uniform’.<\/p>\n CRNI LUG PESNIKI (Crni Lug, Croatia) – 20 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The Pesniki (bell-ringers) is a 300-year old tradition from Crni Lug, a village in Gorski Kotar. The group traditionally consists of unmarried men from the village of Crni Lug and their carnival falls on Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday and begins at dawn when the bell-ringers accompanied by accordion players visit every household in their area, ringing their bells and singing to drive away evil and announce a new beginning – that is, to drive away winter and to herald the coming spring. The Pesniki have long wooden sticks and throw them, striking the floor. \u0106I\u0106ARIJA ZGON\u010cARI (\u0106i\u0107arija, Croatia) – group of 30 people<\/strong><\/p>\n Shrouded in sheepskin, with two large bells weighing a total of eight kilograms, accompanied by the sounds of the accordion, noisy bells and an archaic ox horn, the zgon\u010dari tour the entire \u0106i\u0107arija, the only area in Istria to nurture this type of carnival tradition. As a rule, they visit the northern part on two occasions: Vodice, Jelovice, Brest, Slum, Ra\u010dja Vas and other towns, and separately the southern part: Lani\u0161\u0107e, Prapo\u0107e, Podga\u0107e, Brgudac\u2026<\/p>\n ZAMET BELL-RINGERS (Zamet \u2013 Rijeka, Croatia) \u2013 50 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The Zamet bell-ringers have existed in their present form since 1971. As they are the closest to the sea of all the bell-ringer groups, they took on the appearance of the Vikings as the basis for their masks. They dress in a sailor’s T-shirt and white trousers with a red stripe. They have a black handkerchief around their neck, and on their feet they wear woollen socks and heavy shoes. Their backs are covered with sheepskin and a large bell is tied over their shoulders. They carry a bludgeon, and on their head they carry a hat covered in sheepskin with two large horns. \u017dEJANE BELL-RINGERS (\u017dejane, Croatia) – 40 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n Residents of \u017dejane are descendants of Vlach shepherds, who still use some archaic Romanian words. The bell-ringers of \u017dejane have preserved their customs throughout the centuries. They always ring their bells in pairs and their ringing must be in unison and pleasant to the ear, because it is believed that if the ringing isn’t in harmony, the coming year will not be either. They wear a hat on their head, the “Kumarak”, which is decorated with handmade crepe paper cut into thin ribbons, the “Bajere” that fall from the brim of their hats all the way to their legs. \u010cRNA SRAKA (Sra\u010dinec, Croatia) \u2013 9 participants<\/strong><\/p>\n The non-profit carnival association “\u010crna Sraka” from Sra\u010dinec was established with the aim of gathering citizens from the area of Vara\u017edin County to participate in organized activities related to\u00a0carnival parades and other cultural and entertainment events, and to nurture the traditions and customs of the Vara\u017edin County.<\/p>\n (Texts and accompanying photographs: Masks of Europe – <\/em>http:\/\/www.maskeurope.eu\/index.php\/hr\/<\/em><\/a>, Glas Istre and Carnival Association \u010crna Sraka – <\/em>https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/crnasraka\/<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n
\nThe figurines are dressed in authentic bell-ringers’ dress from the place they originate and all the bells ring. Every figurine is handcrafted down to the smallest detail, which requires a great deal of time, effort and, most of all, love. Also, it is important to emphasize that every little bell-ringer is different, special, just like the people they were created after.
\nIn addition to the Traditional Masks of Europe exhibition, the \u010cavle Cultural Centre will also be home to an exhibition of colourful works by the \u010cavli\u0107 Kindergarten and an exhibition of photographs by the Grobnik bell-ringers.
\nThe exhibition space will be open from 9:00 am to 1:00 pm and from 5:00 pm to 7:00 pm. Entrance is free.<\/p>\n
\n– Barci, Gennaro, Italy
\n– Berger, Franz, Austria
\n– Bialas, Anita, Germany
\n– Borta, Gianni, Italy
\n– Bratu\u0161, Lucian, Slovenia
\n– Busdon, Raffaella, Italy
\n– Cassetti, Marino, Italy
\n– Christin, Renate, Germany
\n– Cisco, Giorgio, Italy
\n– Conestabo, Piero, Italy
\n– De Locatelli, Alfredo, Italy
\n– Erzar, Metka, Slovenia
\n– Frotscher, Reinhard, Germany
\n– Galli, Giuseppe Pope, Italy
\n– Geiger, Erich, Germany
\n– Gon, Adriano, Italy
\n– Herbut, Melanka, Germany
\n– Hus, Zoltan, Hungary
\n– Jak\u0161a, Lado, Slovenia
\n– Karim, Azad, Slovenia
\n– Kleva, Luciano, Slovenia
\n– Konarzewski, Ida, Poland
\n– Kova\u010d, Ljerka, IGRA, Slovenia
\n– Marsi, Enzo, Italy
\n– Mateli\u010d, Janez, Slovenia
\n– Messia, Manolo, Spain
\n– Mezzacapo, Renzo, Italy
\n– Mugnaioni, Raffaella, Italy
\n– Milani, Franco, Italy
\n– Pal\u010di\u010d, Klavdij, Italy
\n– Patelli, Paolo, Italy
\n– Patelli, Paolo, Italy
\n– Pinchi, Dominique, France
\n– Primig, Robert, Austria
\n– Puddu, Salvatore, Italy
\n– Rapella, Luis, Spain
\n– Rey Katherine, France
\n– Rosibiewska, Ivona, Poland
\n– Schwarzenbach, Pierre, Switzerland
\n– Sich, Oliver, Germany
\n– Span\u00f3, Franco, Italy
\n– Steiner, Claudia, Austria
\n– Trancanelli, Marco, Italy
\n– Trobec, \u0160pela, Slovenia
\n– Tutta, Etko, Slovenia
\n– Tutta, Klavdij, Slovenia
\n– Van der Linden, Hetty, the Netherlands<\/p>\n
\nExhibition Design: Vlasta Jureti\u0107, Head of the Grobnik International Art Colony<\/p>\n
\nThe participants in this year’s Platak Masquerade are: The City of Grobnik Carnival Company, Just Married, \u0160krljevo Masqueraders, Gornji kraj \u2013 Crikvenica, the Pom-F-Ri Carnival Group, Piki\u0107i, Lahko \u0107emo, Prijatelji\/Amici, the Grobnik bell-ringers and the <\/strong>German partners of the \u010cavle Neighbourhood, the bell-ringing group Vorstandschaft des Klausen and B\u00e4rbele Verein from Immenstad<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
\nHeading the magnificent parade will be the German partners of the \u010cavle Neighbourhood, the bell-ringing group Vorstandschaft des Klausen and B\u00e4rbele Verein from Immenstad, and the parade will be concluded by the Grobnik bell-ringers. They will be joined by representatives of the Rijeka Carnival, Master Toni and this year’s Queen Dora Pilepi\u0107. <\/strong><\/p>\n
\nJust like the ringers carrying the bells around their waist and chest, each bell is different from the other, with different weights and a different frequency spectrum that it produces. This is where the skill of the bell-ringers comes into play, who bring the bells in harmony with the pulsation of their own bodies, producing – all together – a rhythmic clamour!<\/p>\n
\nThe section of the road from the INA \u010cavle Petrol Station to the \u010cavli\u0107 Kindergarten will be closed.<\/strong>
\nDuring this period, drivers on the D3 state road who are coming from and departing to more distant cities and towns will be redirected to alternative routes (primarily the Rijeka – Zagreb motorway).
\nVisitor parking will be available at the Cernik Cemetery and under the Cernik Bridge.<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nIn the past, people used the custom to drive away demons, in an attempt to look scarier than them. The costumes weigh up to 25 kilograms and are made by the participants themselves, which takes them two to three weeks. Each association has its own guidelines for costume design. The basic concept is to cover oneself in fur from head to toe, place a large cowbell around the waist and horns on the head. Only men who are members of the association and who are at least 16 years old can participate in the “Klausentreiben”.
\nWomen are not excluded from this winter custom, but participate as the so-called “B\u00e4rbele”. The principle of “B\u00e4rbeletreiben” is very similar and their costumes are mainly based on the appearance of a witch.
\nAll those who do not keep away from the fence during the procession can end up being flogged with twigs. Among the younger people, a popular test of courage is to challenge the “Klausen” and “B\u00e4rbele”. However, it is not always so easy to differentiate between those who want to participate from those who just want to watch, so everyone should expect an occasional swipe.<\/p>\n
\nEach participant in the group creates his own mask and clothing. The mask must be frightening, “horned” and “toothy” in order to frighten all the negative spirits and diseases. The Survakari carry bells (canovi) around their waist, which make a terrible noise.
\nThese customs are lived and maintained each year with great joy and pleasure.<\/p>\n
\nThey say they have not succumbed to commercialization, so each member is different. They mask themselves using what they can find in the taverns, as the people of this area used to. The clothes they wear consist of: a hat, a rug, parts of old military equipment, a bell, and on their heads they have a helmet with the horns of a ram or a bull; they also must have a horn which they blow to chase away evil spirits and the winter and to summon the spring. They are often accompanied by music, with the obligatory greeting: \u201cmuzika i bubanj slo\u017eno udaraj\u201d (\u201cmusic and drums, play as one\u201d).<\/p>\n
\nThe carnival procession is arranged according to strict rules based on tradition. The first in the procession is a mock-wedding party, dressed in white, which includes a flag bearer and other mock-wedding guests, followed by a group of comedians and finally, at a distance, by masqueraders dressed in black. The wedding party, which symbolizes the spring, used to be led by the first dida and is now led by the flag bearer. A somewhat masculine pregnant bride, accompanied by a groomsman, is looking for a groom, which is the main task of the procession. The wedding party also includes married and unmarried women and other figures dressed in formal clothing (traditional folk costumes). The carnival procession is commanded by the Turk, who makes sure that the white and black members of the wedding party do not mix as they may not be in the same place at the same time. We associate the character of the Turks with the long presence of Turks in this region.
\nThe white wedding party is followed by the comedians, masqueraders who criticize current social and political affairs. The black wedding party is led by the baba and did, who, in connection with the fertility cult, simulate sexual intercourse and thus call for a better yield. The procession also includes the mourners, who express joking slogans through wailing. The didi represent the most attractive part of the procession.
\nThey carry sheep waterskins on their heads up to 1.5 m high, and bells around their waists. They are dressed in old clothes with colourful fringes sewn onto them. They embody the ritualistic struggle of good spirits against the winter, which they drive away by making noise and jumping.
\nDespite the development of civilization, men are still the exclusive bearers of this carnival custom, whose main characteristic is dressing up in animal characters (rams) and transvestism (simulated sex change).<\/p>\n
\nTo dance with the poets means to enter the spring with a new positive and happy energy. They also have a special custom called “\u0161icanje”, which consists of throwing a person into the air and catching them, and sometimes they have a habit of throwing a person into the snow to “cleanse” them of last year’s negativities. Rather than resenting them for these mischiefs, the locals welcome them with joy, offering them refreshments and drinks. Today, they will be joined by numerous tourists who will accompany them at the carnival. The street party continues until far into the night, with live music performances and dancing.<\/p>\n
\nThe bell-ringers follow their flag and follow the orders of their captain. In the procession, they walk one by one or in a cross shape, bashing their bells together.
\nThe procession ends with the bell-ringers forming two concentric circles and, turning their backs to each other, ring their bells.<\/p>\n
\nThe top of the hat is decorated with love-themed motifs and lined with paper onto which coloured flowers are sewn – the “fjoki\u0107i”. They wear white trousers and a sailor’s shirt with two white scarves. The sheepskin or “\u0160uba” is made of two parts \u2013 one on their torso and the other around their waist, which also has three bells, “Klopote”, attached. On their feet, they wear black shoes and carry a bottle in their hands.
\nThe procession is led by the captain (“Kapo”), who wears a white officer’s uniform. Both men and women accompany the procession.<\/p>\n